Paternal Postnatal Depression: Understanding and Supporting New Fathers

We often hear about the risks of postpartum depression in mothers, with specialists emphasizing the importance of supporting the new mother emotionally and psychologically. However, little attention is given to fathers and the emotional challenges they may face after the arrival of their newborn.

If we want to ensure a stable family life—especially after the birth of the first child, which brings new responsibilities—it is important to understand paternal postnatal depression. Dr. Mariam Ramadan, a clinical psychologist, explains how fathers can be affected and offers tips for supporting them to ensure family stability.

What is Paternal Postnatal Depression?

Just as mothers can experience postpartum depression, fathers can also develop what is medically known as Paternal Postnatal Depression (PPND).

Symptoms can appear during the first year of the child’s life, often triggered by sleep deprivation during the first six months.

Common Symptoms

Fathers may display concerning signs, including:

Irritability and anger over minor issues.
Avoidance of discussions related to the newborn, such as delaying ceremonies or milestones.
Withdrawal from home life, spending more time at work or on their phone to escape reality.
Feelings of inadequacy, constantly saying they are “falling short” or failing their family.
Persistent anxiety, inability to sit still, and restlessness.
Sleep disturbances despite extreme fatigue, leading to a tired and pale appearance, often with dark circles under the eyes.

Causes of Paternal Postnatal Depression

About 8–10% of fathers worldwide experience this condition. Key causes include:

Financial stress due to increased responsibilities.
Sleep deprivation from caring for the newborn.
Disrupted routines, such as changes in sleeping arrangements and delayed meals.
Secondary depression, influenced by the mother’s postpartum depression.
Hormonal changes, including decreased testosterone, which can lead to psychological and physical changes, such as hair loss, mood swings, and impacts on marital intimacy.

Tips to Reduce Symptoms and Support New Fathers

Ensure adequate sleep: Plan alternating sleep schedules to help both parents get sufficient rest. Proper sleep helps reduce irritability, hormonal imbalance, and poor appetite.
Include the father in prenatal bonding: Encourage him to feel the baby’s movements and participate in preparation, so he experiences anticipation rather than pressure.
Create a shared vision for parenting: Discuss child-rearing plans and future goals together, reducing anxiety about potential failures or inadequacy.
Validate his emotions: Let him express feelings and fears without judgment. Avoid minimizing his concerns.
Spend time outdoors together: Regular exposure to sunlight can improve mood. Walk together with your child, which also promotes bonding and physical health.
Consider supplements if advised: Consult a doctor about vitamins or nutrients that support hormonal balance for both parents.

Supporting fathers during this transition is crucial for their emotional health and for family stability. Recognizing paternal postnatal depression early and providing practical, emotional, and psychological support can strengthen both parents’ bond and create a healthier environment for the newborn.