When Your Car Engine Overheats: Signs, Causes, and What to Do

A driver may suddenly find themselves in a difficult situation when the engine temperature rises abnormally while driving. Ignoring this warning can lead to severe damage to the car—or even complete engine failure. That’s why it’s important to recognize the early signs of overheating, know the right steps to take, understand what to avoid, and learn the common causes and prevention methods.

Expert Advice on Handling an Overheating Engine

Automotive maintenance expert Mohamed Nasr explained that the first thing you should do if you notice your car overheating is stop immediately. Do not attempt to open the radiator cap or pour water onto the engine right away.

Nasr emphasized that you should let the car cool down completely, then check the coolant level and inspect for leaks in the water pump or cracks in hoses. He stressed the importance of taking the vehicle directly to a qualified mechanic, warning that continuing to drive with an overheated engine could result in total engine burnout.

Warning Signs That Your Engine Is Overheating

You should always be alert to early symptoms before the problem worsens:

Temperature gauge rising into the red zone – a direct warning signal.
Steam or smoke from the hood – steam usually indicates boiling coolant, while oily-smelling smoke may suggest oil leaks or other issues.
Unusual smells – a sweet smell (coolant), burning rubber (belts), or hot oil odor.
Reduced engine power – the car may slow down or switch to “limp mode” to prevent damage.
Warning lights on the dashboard – such as the temperature light or check engine light.

What to Do When Your Engine Overheats

According to Firestone Complete Auto Care, here’s the correct procedure:

Turn off the AC and turn on the heater – this helps draw heat away from the engine.
Pull over safely and shut off the engine – let it cool for at least 15–30 minutes before opening the hood.
Wait until the engine cools completely – don’t touch anything until the temperature gauge drops.
Check coolant level – once safe, inspect and top up coolant if needed.
Restart carefully – drive cautiously and head directly to a repair shop.

What NOT to Do When Your Engine Overheats

❌ Don’t panic – staying calm keeps you safe.
❌ Don’t keep driving – this can cause irreversible engine damage.
❌ Don’t open the radiator cap immediately – escaping steam or hot fluid can cause severe burns.
❌ Don’t pour cold water on the engine – sudden temperature change can crack engine parts.
❌ Don’t ignore the issue – even if heat drops temporarily, the system still needs professional inspection.

Common Causes of Engine Overheating

Most overheating problems are linked to issues in the cooling system:

Low coolant level due to leaks or neglect.
Damaged radiator hoses or a cracked radiator.
Faulty water pump (responsible for circulating coolant).
Worn or broken belts/hoses preventing coolant flow.
Radiator problems (blockages, bent fins, internal leaks).
Low engine oil level increasing friction.
Malfunctioning thermostat (fails to regulate coolant flow).

How to Prevent Engine Overheating

Prevention is always cheaper than repair. Protect your engine by:

Regularly checking coolant levels.
Performing routine cooling system and radiator maintenance.
Inspecting hoses and belts for wear.
Paying attention to unusual smells, sounds, or dashboard warnings.
Following the manufacturer’s recommended service schedule.

Carrying an extra bottle of coolant is a good idea—especially for long-distance drivers. A quick inspection before trips can save you from stressful roadside breakdowns and costly repairs.