Parkinson’s Disease: Early Symptoms and Diagnosis

Parkinson’s disease is a chronic, progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor symptoms such as tremors, slowed movements, muscle stiffness, and balance problems. It occurs when dopamine-producing brain cells die, leading to involuntary movements and other issues. While there is no cure, various treatments can help manage symptoms and improve quality of life.

Here are 10 early signs of Parkinson’s disease and tips for early diagnosis.

Early Symptoms of Parkinson’s Disease

1. Tremors
   Mild shaking or tremors in the fingers, thumb, hand, or chin at rest may indicate early Parkinson’s.
   Normal variations: Tremors can occur after intense exercise, stress, injury, or certain medications.

2. Small Handwriting (Micrographia)
   Handwriting may become noticeably smaller, and words may appear crowded or compressed.
   Normal variations: Handwriting changes with age, joint stiffness, or vision issues.

3. Loss of Smell (Anosmia)
   Difficulty detecting certain smells (e.g., bananas, dill pickles, licorice) could be an early sign.
   Normal variations: Temporary smell loss may occur with colds, flu, or nasal congestion.

4. Sleep Disturbances
   Frequent tossing, turning, or sudden movements during sleep may signal Parkinson’s.
   Normal variations: Occasional restless nights are common.

5. Difficulty Moving or Walking
   Stiffness in the arms, legs, or body that doesn’t improve with movement. Early signs may include shoulder or hip stiffness or pain.
   Normal variations: Injury or arthritis can cause similar symptoms.

6. Constipation
   Difficulty passing stools may indicate early Parkinson’s.
   Normal variations: Low fiber or water intake, and certain medications can also cause constipation.

7. Soft or Quiet Voice
   Changes in voice volume or tone may appear.
   Normal variations: Temporary voice changes can occur due to colds or infections.

8. Masked Face
   A serious, blank, or sad facial expression even when feeling well.
   Normal variations: Some medications or temporary conditions may alter facial expression.

9. Dizziness or Fainting
   Frequent lightheadedness, especially when standing, may indicate low blood pressure associated with Parkinson’s.
   Normal variations: Occasional dizziness is common, but repeated episodes require medical attention.

10. Stooped Posture
    Slouching or loss of upright posture.
    Normal variations: Pain, injury, or musculoskeletal issues can also cause stooping.

Early Diagnostic Steps

According to Parkinson’s Europe, early diagnosis may include:

• Complete medical history

• Physical examination (checking stiffness, slow movements)

• Symptom discussion

• Writing, drawing, walking, and speaking tests

• Smell tests

• Blood tests to rule out other conditions

A positive response to Parkinson’s medication can help confirm the diagnosis.

Adapting After a Parkinson’s Diagnosis

1. Acceptance and Self-Care
   Adapting activities, travel, leisure, and diet can help maintain a satisfying and high-quality life.

2. Maintain Positivity
   A positive outlook and determination can help overcome obstacles and sustain meaningful activities and relationships.

3. Stay Informed and Engaged
   Understanding the disease and treatment options gives patients more control, enabling productive discussions with healthcare providers. Patients should monitor their own symptoms and seek help when needed.