Children can develop myopia (nearsightedness) at an early age. For those affected, distant objects appear blurry. Myopia may worsen if it progresses during childhood or adolescence. It can be corrected with glasses, and if glasses are used properly, they will not worsen the condition.
According to WebMD, here are the causes, signs, and ways to reduce myopia in children.
Causes of Myopia in Children
Slightly larger eyes – Children with myopia tend to have eyes that are slightly larger than normal. The retina focuses incoming light rays in a way that makes distant objects appear blurry over time.
Eye exams – Most children do not complain of blurry vision, which can make it difficult for parents to detect myopia without an eye exam.
Children’s eyesight should be checked at 6 months, 3 years, and before first grade.
These exams are especially important if there’s a family history of progressive myopia or other eye diseases.
Parents should also watch for any difficulty seeing distant objects — if noticed, take the child to an eye doctor immediately.
Genetic and environmental factors – Evidence suggests that myopia in children results from a combination of genetics and environmental influences.
Activities like extended close-up work (reading, studying, screen time) and limited outdoor play can contribute to the condition.
Signs of Myopia in Children
Myopia is not just difficulty seeing — it can affect a child’s daily life, school performance, and sports participation.
Watch for these warning signs:
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Trouble seeing distant objects (e.g., difficulty seeing the classroom board)
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Sitting too close to the TV or holding books very close to the face
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Frequent squinting or rubbing of the eyes
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Recurring headaches
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Decline in school or athletic performance
If any of these signs appear, consult an eye doctor promptly for early diagnosis and treatment.
Ways to Reduce Myopia in Children
Eye exams are just one way to protect your child’s vision. Here are additional tips to maintain healthy eyesight and reduce myopia risk:
1. Play Outdoors
Studies show that children who spend more time outdoors have healthier eyes and a lower risk of myopia than those who stay indoors.
2. Eat Vitamin-Rich Foods
Vitamins A, C, E, and the mineral zinc contain antioxidants that protect against macular degeneration (damage to the central part of the retina).
Foods rich in these nutrients include carrots, red peppers, broccoli, spinach, strawberries, sweet potatoes, and oranges.
Omega-3 fatty acids from salmon and flaxseeds also help improve eye health.
3. Consume Carotenoids
Nutrients like lutein and zeaxanthin—found in green leafy vegetables, broccoli, zucchini, and eggs—help protect the retina by filtering harmful blue and ultraviolet light.
They can also be taken as supplements under medical advice.
4. Wear Protective Eyewear
Children should use safety glasses made of polycarbonate, which is about 10 times stronger than regular plastic, especially during sports or activities involving potential eye hazards.
5. Use Sunglasses
Sunglasses are not just a fashion accessory—they protect the eyes from harmful UV rays.
Choose sunglasses that block 99–100% of UVA and UVB rays.
A wide-brimmed hat can add extra protection.
6. Follow the 20-20-20 Rule
To reduce eye strain from screens or studying:
Every 20 minutes, have your child look at something 20 feet away for 20 seconds.
7. Know Your Family Eye Health History
Many eye conditions are hereditary, such as:
Understanding family history helps in taking preventive measures early.
Final Advice
Children’s eyes are very sensitive to infections and bacteria that can affect vision.
Teach your child to wash their hands before touching their eyes to prevent irritation and maintain good eye health.
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