Low Blood Pressure During Pregnancy: What Every Expecting Mother Should Know

Doctors often advise that low blood pressure (hypotension) can sometimes be more dangerous than high blood pressure. It’s important to avoid conditions that cause low blood pressure because it can lead to serious complications, even life-threatening ones.

When Does Low Blood Pressure Happen in Pregnancy?

• It is common in the first and last trimesters of pregnancy.

• The middle trimester is usually the safest period regarding blood pressure.

• Causes include hormonal changes (especially low progesterone), loss of fluids due to vomiting, nausea, and reduced appetite.

Symptoms to Watch For

• Dizziness and lightheadedness, especially when standing up quickly after sitting or lying down

• Feeling nauseous or vomiting

• General fatigue, weakness, and excessive tiredness

• Blurred or fuzzy vision, increasing risk of falls or accidents

• Rapid heartbeat and feeling confused or unable to concentrate

• Abnormal breathing rate (too fast or slow)

• Pale, cold, and clammy skin

When Is Low Blood Pressure Concerning?

• Blood pressure readings below 90/60 mmHg daily with symptoms may indicate a problem.

• Some people have naturally low blood pressure with no symptoms, but in pregnancy, it can affect fetal health.

• Studies show low blood pressure during pregnancy may increase risks such as low birth weight or stillbirth.

Important Tips to Manage Low Blood Pressure in the Last Four Months of Pregnancy

1. Stay Hydrated:
   Drink plenty of fluids throughout the day.

   • Early pregnancy: 1.9 to 2.8 liters (8–12 cups) of water daily.

   • Later pregnancy: 2.4 to 3.6 liters (10–15 cups) daily.

2. Change Positions Slowly:
   Avoid standing up quickly from sitting or lying down to prevent dizziness.
   When lying down in late pregnancy, sleep on your left side to reduce pressure on blood vessels.

3. Avoid Prolonged Standing:
   Shift weight between legs often and avoid standing still for long periods.

4. Eat Small, Nutritious Meals Frequently:
   Include plenty of fruits and vegetables.
   If symptoms occur, small amounts of salty foods can help, but avoid excessive salt intake.

5. Avoid Hot Baths and Saunas:
   High heat causes fluid loss and can harm the fetus.

6. Avoid Intense Exercise:
   Vigorous workouts may lead to rapid fluid and calorie loss.

7. Monitor Vitamin B12 and Folic Acid Levels:
   Deficiency in these vitamins can worsen low blood pressure and cause anemia, affecting both mother and baby.

Remember: If you experience symptoms of low blood pressure during pregnancy, consult your healthcare provider promptly to ensure both your safety and that of your baby.