Craving sweets is a common issue among pregnant women, particularly in the later months of pregnancy. While salty cravings are typical during the first trimester, many women find themselves reaching for sugary snacks when they feel hungry in the last months of pregnancy. However, opting for sweets to satisfy hunger is a wrong choice. Not only does it lead to weight gain and an increased feeling of hunger, but it also carries potential harm for both the mother and the baby, especially during the final trimester.
In this article, Dr. Maha Abu Ramadan, a specialist in obstetrics and gynecology, highlights the dangers of excessive sugar consumption in the last trimester of pregnancy and provides valuable advice on maintaining healthy nutrition during this crucial period.
The Dangers of Excessive Sweets in the Last Trimester of Pregnancy
Delayed Lung Development in the Baby
Studies have shown that consuming excessive sweets and sugar in the last trimester can delay the completion of the baby’s lung development. When the mother consumes too much sugar, it enters her bloodstream and affects the baby’s development. This could lead to complications in the event of premature delivery. If a preterm baby is born, there is a higher risk of respiratory issues and lower survival chances compared to a baby whose mother consumed a balanced diet, resulting in proper lung development.
False Weight Increase in the Baby
If the mother consumes excessive sweets, the baby may appear to have gained weight, but this is often due to the accumulation of fat (a "false belly"). This could lead the doctor to believe that the baby is fully developed and might result in a recommendation for early delivery. However, the baby's organs, such as the heart and lungs, may not be fully developed, putting the baby at a high risk of survival issues once born. Ideally, the baby's weight in the final month of pregnancy should be around 3000 grams (3 kilograms), with normal variations up to 4000 grams.
The Role of Lung Development in Premature Babies
The lungs of a premature baby may not have fully developed, as the tiny air sacs (alveoli) responsible for gas exchange are insufficient. This condition requires the baby to be placed in a neonatal incubator and supported with medications to help accelerate lung growth. If the baby is born before 36 weeks of pregnancy, their lungs might not function adequately, and they may need supplemental oxygen to breathe properly.
The Importance of "Lung Injection" in Premature Births
In case of a premature birth, the doctor may administer a "lung injection" containing corticosteroids to promote faster lung development. This treatment is vital but does not replace the need for the baby to be placed in an incubator for further support.
General Healthy Nutrition Tips During the Last Months of Pregnancy
Quality Over Quantity
In the last trimester, focus on the quality of food rather than quantity. Avoid excessive sweets and sugary foods, as they contribute to weight gain and increase blood sugar levels. These foods can also lead to fat accumulation around the belly and sides, posing risks to both the mother and the baby.
Replace Sugary Snacks
Instead of sweets and complex carbohydrates, opt for leafy vegetables, fruits, and healthy protein sources such as red meat (preferably organic), poultry, and fish (especially tuna and sardines). These foods are beneficial for both the mother and the baby.
Stay Hydrated
Make sure to drink plenty of water—aim for at least 2 liters per day. Avoid sugary drinks or juices, which can lead to high blood sugar and weight gain.
Adequate Sleep
Ensure a healthy sleep routine. Proper sleep helps regulate hormones in the body and controls blood sugar levels, reducing the risk of gestational diabetes, which can be triggered by poor sleep patterns and unhealthy eating habits, particularly late-night eating.
Monitor Iron Levels
Iron deficiency can lead to cravings for sweets, which provide empty calories and contribute to excessive weight gain. Regularly check iron levels and ensure a balanced intake of iron-rich foods to avoid unnecessary cravings.
By following these dietary and lifestyle guidelines, pregnant women can reduce the risks associated with excessive sugar consumption and promote a healthier pregnancy for themselves and their babies.
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